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Barometric Pressure
Calculators, Glossaries, and Other Reference Sites
Evaporation
Manuals, Guides, and Handbooks
Meteorology Education and Other Interesting Links
Organizations
Precipitation
Solar Radiation
Temperature & Relative Humidity
Upper Air
Wind
The National Weather Service provides weather, hydrologic, and climate forecasts and warnings for the United States, its territories, and adjacent waters and ocean areas, for the protection of life and property and the enhancement of the national economy. NWS data and products form a national information database and infrastructure which can be used by other governmental agencies, the private sector, the public, and the global community.
The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 11,000 professionals, professors, students, and weather enthusiasts.
The World Meteorological Organization coordinates global scientific activity to allow increasingly prompt and accurate weather information and other services for public, private, and commercial use.
Amateur Radio Glossary - Jargon, Abbreviations, and Terminology - AC6V's Amateur Radio and DX Reference Guide
AMS Glossary of Meteorology - American Meteorological Society
Atmospheric Chemistry Glossary - Sam Houston State University
Beaufort Wind Scale - Historical and Contemporary Versions of the Beaufort Scale - Frank Singleton
Cloud Atlas - World Meteorological Organization
Dictionary of Technical Terms for Aerospace Use - NASA STI Repository (NTRS)
Dictionary of Units of Measure - University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Earth Observatory Glossary - NASA
Glossary of Climate Change Terms - The US Global Change Research Program
Glossary of Electrical Engineering Terms - Maxim Integrated Products
Glossary of Hydrologic Terms - US Geological Survey
Glossary of Meteorological Terms - NovaLynx Corporation
Glossary of NHC Terms - NWS National Hurricane Center
Glossary of Solar Radiation Terms - University of Oregon Solar Radiation Monitoring Laboratory
Glossary of Water Quality Monitoring Terms - National Water Quality Monitoring Council
Glossary of Wildland Fire, PMS 205 - National Wildfire Coordinating Group
NOAA Weather Radio Nationwide Station Listings - National Weather Service
NWS Acronyms - JetStream, the National Weather Service Online Weather School
NWS English to Spanish Translations - National Weather Service
NWS Glossary - National Weather Service
NWS Glossary of Weather Terms for Storm Spotters - National Weather Service, Norman, OK
NWS Offices and Centers - National Weather Service
NWS Wind Chill Temperature Index - National Weather Service
Official U.S. Time - National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) & U.S. Naval Observatory (USNO)
OnlineConversion.com - Convert just about anything to anything else - Robert Fogt
Relative Humidity Tables - National Weather Service, Sacramento, CA
Satellite Meteorology Glossary and List of Acronyms - University of Wisconsin, Madison
Satellite Related Acronyms, Abbreviations, Annotations, Adaptations, and Associated Alternatives - by J.W. Sherman III, 1989 (PDF)
Snow and Avalanche Glossary - CSAC Avalanche Education Center
Snow Glossary (Cryosphere Glossary) - National Snow and Ice Data Center
Weathergraph Wall Chart - (PDF) 11" x 17" reference chart for understanding weather symbols - Weather Graphics Technologies
NWCG Fire Environment Poster - (PDF) National Wildfire Coordinating Group
Ambient Monitoring Guidelines for Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) - EPA-450/4-87-007
The American Practical Navigator - Pub. 9 NVPUB9V1 2002 Bicentennial Edition
ASOS Users Guide - National Weather Service (PDF 592KB 72 pages)
Basic Requirements for Collecting, Documenting, and Reporting Precipitation and Stormwater-Flow Measurements - USGS 99-255 (PDF 554KB 38 pages)
Designing a Portable Weather Station for use with ALOHA - NOAA Office of Response and Restoration (PDF 13KB 5 pages)
Federal Meteorological Handbooks (with changes)
Handbook No. 1 - Surface Weather Observations and Reports, FCM-H1-2019
Handbook No. 2 - Surface Synoptic Codes, FCM-H2-1988
Handbook No. 3 - Rawinsonde and Pibal Observations, FCM-H3-1997
Handbook No. 11 - Doppler Radar Meteorological Observations (WSR-88D), FCM-H11
United States Meteorological Codes and Coding Practices, FMH-12-2019
Federal Meteorological Data Management Handbook, FCM-H13-2020
Federal Standard for Siting Meteorological Sensors at Airports (2019)
Guide to Instruments and Methods of Observation - WMO-No. 8
Interagency Wildland Fire Weather Station Standards & Guidelines - National Wildfire Coordinating Group PMS 426-3
International Weather Watchers Observer Handbook - Tim Vasquez, Weather Graphics Technologies (PDF 773KB 45 pages)
Initial Guidance to Obtain Representative Meteorological Observations at Urban Sites - WMO Report No. 81
Meteorological Monitoring Guidance for Regulatory Modeling Applications - EPA-454/R-99-005 (PDF 678KB 171 pages)
Meteorological Techniques - Air Force Weather Agency, Offutt AFB, Nebraska, TN-98/002 (PDF 3.5MB 242 pages)
National Field Manual for the Collection of Water-Quality Data - Book 9, Chapters A1-A9, USGS
NWS Observing Handbook No. 1 - Marine Surface Weather Observations - National Weather Service (PDF 15MB 150 pages)
NWS Observing Handbook No. 2 - Cooperative Station Observations - National Weather Service (PDF 1.4MB 94 pages)
Note: Replaces "Substation Observation Handbook No. 2" (1970)
NWS Manual 10-1401 - Rawinsonde Observations - NWSPD 10-14 (PDF)
Note: Replaces "NWS Observing Handbook No. 10"
Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems, Volume IV: Meteorological Measurements - Version 2 EPA-454/B-08-002 March 2008 (PDF 5.2MB 191 pages)
Snow Survey Sampling Guide - Training and reference guide designed for snow surveyors who use sampling equipment to measure snow accumulation. Natural Resources Conservation Service.
Surface Weather Observing - FAA Order 7900.5
Weather Station Handbook: An Interagency Guide for Wildland Managers - NFES 2140, PMS 426-2
Weather Station Siting, Performance, and Data Quality Guide - Citizen Weather Observer Program (PDF 2.24MB 88 pages)
NOAA Central Library encompasses oceanography, ocean engineering, marine resources, ecosystems, coastal studies, atmospheric sciences (climatology and meteorology), geodesy, geophysics, cartography, mathematics, and statistics. The library has an extensive collection of historical Coast and Geodetic Survey materials (from 1807) and Weather Bureau materials (from the 1830s). These materials include historical meteorological data, information on instruments, and metadata. The Central Library is networked to the NOAA regional and field libraries and has access to their specialized collections.
Meteorology Education and Training (MetEd) Website is a joint effort of the NWS Training Center (NWSTC) in Kansas City, Missouri, the Warning Decision Training Branch (WDTB) in Norman, Oklahoma, and the Cooperative Program for Operational Meteorology, Education, and Training (COMET) in Boulder, Colorado. The MetEd website is the principal location for all web-based materials produced by the three training facilities, and provides information on their other training and education activities, such as classroom courses and teletraining. The site also houses selected materials developed by NWS Regional Science Service Divisions and individual forecast offices.
National Weather Service Training Portal is designed to provide access to all NWS training including online materials, classroom course descriptions and schedules, as well as teletraining course overviews and signup links. This site also contains information on the Professional Development Series. Training is organized by development area (profession) with direct links to training materials on each sub-page. In addition, links to important training-related sites are listed.
JetStream, the National Weather Service Online Weather School, is designed to help educators, emergency managers, or anyone interested in learning about weather and weather safety. Information is arranged by subject; beginning with global and large scale weather patterns and followed by lessons on air masses, wind patterns, cloud formations, thunderstorms, lightning, hail, damaging winds, tornados, tropical storms, cyclones, and flooding. Interspersed are "Learning Lessons" which can be used to enhance the educational experience.
Self-study Course from the Naval Education and Training Professional Development and Technology Center
Aerographer's Mate, Module 1, Surface Weather Observations, 1999 (PDF 7.4 MB)
Aerographer's Mate, Module 2, Miscellaneous Observations and Codes, 1999 (PDF 4.1 MB)
Aerographer's Mate, Module 3, Environmental Satellites and Weather Radio, 1999 (PDF 16.6 MB)
Aerographer's Mate, Module 4, Environmental Communications and Administration, 1999 (PDF 3.1 MB)
Aerographer's Mate, Module 5, Basic Meteorology, 2001 (PDF 3.1 MB)
Aerographer's Mate 1 & C, 1995 NAVEDTRA 14010 (PDF 10.4 MB)
EarthStorm K-12 educational outreach program of the Oklahoma Climatological Survey integrates learning modules with real-time weather data.
GLOBE Program (Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment) is a hands-on international environmental science and education program. GLOBE links students, teachers, and the scientific research community in an effort to learn more about our environment through student data collection and observation.
SciJinks - Launched in 2002, NOAA SciJinks inspires and engages students to learn about weather, satellite meteorology, and Earth science. Fun articles, games, and videos are targeted toward middle and high school aged students and their educators. The site features informative articles that answer important questions about weather, profiles of weather jobs, mobile and web games about satellites and technology, engaging videos, and tons of downloadable content.
Stanford Solar Center - Targeted at 4th-12th grade students and science teachers, the site provides inquiry-based activities and a broad range of information relating to the sun. Solar art, folklore, music, literature, and archaeoastronomy complement the scientific information and offer intriguing multidisciplinary "hooks" into solar study.
Citizen Weather Observer Program (CWOP) is a private-public partnership with three main goals: (1) to collect weather data contributed by private citizens; (2) to make these data available for public weather services; and (3) to provide feedback to the data contributors so that they have the tools to improve the quality of their data. If you have a weather station and access to the internet, you can participate. Your real-time data will be used in NOAA weather prediction models and appear on their mesonet web page. Making your data available is simple and free. Information about joining is available here.
National Weather Service Cooperative Observer Program (COOP) includes more than 11,000 volunteers who take observations on farms, in urban and suburban areas, national parks, seashores, and mountaintops. The first network of cooperative stations was set up as a result of an act of Congress in 1890 that established the Weather Bureau, but many COOP stations began operation long before that time. John Campanius Holm's weather records, taken without the benefit of instruments in 1644-1645, were the earliest known observations in the United States. Subsequently many persons, including George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and Benjamin Franklin, maintained weather records. Thomas Jefferson maintained an almost unbroken record of weather observations between 1776 and 1816, and George Washington took his last observation just a few days before he died.
Computer-Aided Management of Emergency Operations (CAMEO) is a system of software applications used to plan for and respond to chemical emergencies. CAMEO initially was developed because NOAA recognized the need to assist first responders with easily accessible and accurate response information. Since 1988, EPA and NOAA have collaborated to augment CAMEO to assist both emergency responders and planners. The system integrates a chemical database and a method to manage the data, an air dispersion model, and a mapping capability.